11艘航母。美国拥有11艘航母,并不是一种巧合,而是经过专门设计的。其一,美国联邦法律中,就有一条明文规定,要求美国现役航母的数量,不能低于11艘。
在第二次世界大战中,美日两国的海上大战可以说一仗打醒了全球,大家都明白了一个道理,想在未来世界站住脚,必须打造强大的海上力量。二战结束之后,虽然各国都将军事建造重心转移至海上,但是仍然无法和美国媲美。要知道美国11艘核航母的数量,要比世界前十加起来还要多,所以也有人称世界上有两种海军,一种是美国海军、一种是他国海军。
不过很多国家也被这华丽的数据给骗了,难道具备11艘航母,每次打仗都会全部到齐吗?我们知道美国在近几十年就做了两件事,一件是大量部署海外军事基地,一件是使美国企业遍布全球每一个角落。为了完成自己“称霸全球”的夙愿,美国在亚洲、欧洲、美洲、非洲等地区建造了400多个军事基地,10艘可以应战的航母自然也部署在各个版图之中。
那么回到问题的本质,美国一旦和他国开战,能调集所有航母吗?答案肯定是不能。首先我们要明白,航母自身并没有具备多大的战斗力,只有完整的航母作战编队才有力量与之一战,一个航母作战编队需要1艘航母、1-3艘导弹巡洋舰、1-3艘导弹驱逐舰、2艘核潜艇外加一些补给支援舰。大家可以看美国目前海上军备力量,全部加起来也就是10个航母作战编队,所以怎么会倾巢出动?
正所谓“摊子铺得越大、被牵制性也越强”,美国多年来保持的强势态度也给自己树敌不少,所以说美军的10艘航母作战编队刚刚好够用,在重点区域部署1-2个航母编队尚可,一旦为了战争而调集航母,航母一旦离开那么大后方的安全问题就会受到考验。在海湾战争时期,那时各国实力偏弱,在没什么危险的情况下,美国也仅调集了6艘航母,现如今世界各国实力都不算差,有些航母编队必须死守军事基地不敢乱动。所以美国一旦和他国开战,能调配的航母最多只有1-3艘。
相比较中俄等国而言,美国反而身处被动之中。一旦开战,中俄这类国家完全可以通过航母编队实现饱和国防的效果,再利用中远程导弹对就近的美国军事基地进行饱和攻击,美军立刻会陷入孤立无援的境地,这也是美国看似强硬却不敢和大国真正过招的根本性原因。所以说美国看似航母众多,但只是“好看”而已,真到战争时期,11艘航母也会措手不及。
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